Deterring or Entertaining? Can the Caning Punishment Execution in Aceh Meet its Objective?
Abstract
This article probes whether the implementation of the caning sentence in Aceh may reach its objective of deterrent effect given the way the execution conducted. From the field observation, the flogging was not much different from entertainment. The mass gathered in one place to watch the execution; they include children, street vendors, researchers, and journalists. There was a stage, VIP seats for guests, loudspeakers, administrative arrangements, and the caning punishment procession. Using a qualitative research approach with an in-depth interview method, it seeks to understand how the community involved in the caning execution was and how the government was designed the sentence as such and why. It finds that while the government saw the caning law as the implementation of Islamic sharia in Aceh, the people perceived its execution more as entertainment. The government has used the caning sentence execution as a demonstration of power, often for a political gain, because it emphasizes its presence not only as of the guardian of shari’a for Acehnese but also as a devout politician who keeps his political promises. Yet, little of this punishment deterrent effect conveyed to the society due to the way it was staged and executed.
Keywords: Qanun Jinayat, Aceh, Caning Punishment, Stage, Entertainment, Deterrent Effect.
References
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Alfitri, “Can the Requirements of Shariah Law regarding Criminal Punishments be Interpreted in a Way that is Compatible with the ICCPR and Cat,” Indonesian Journal of International Law, Vol. 7, No. 1 (2009): 100-136.
Alfitri. “Konflik Hukum antara Ketentuan Hukum Pidana Islam dan Hak-Hak Sipil? Telaah Konsep HAM dan Implementasi Ratifikasi ICCPR dan CAT di Indonesia,” Jurnal Konstitusi, Vol. 7, No. 2 (2010): 99-138.
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Asmunda, Alfath. “Eksekusi Cambuk di Aceh Masih Ditonton Anak-anak.” https://kbr.id/nasional/032019/eksekusi_cambuk_di_aceh _masih_ditonton_anak_anak/98983.html, accessed on April 4, 2020.
Bahiej, Ahmad. “Studi Komparatif terhadap Qanun Aceh tentang Hukum Jinayat dan Enakmen Jenayah Syariah Selangor Malaysia.” Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum. Vol. 48, No.2 (2014): 343-349.
Daly, Kathleen. “Restorative Justice in Diverse and Unequal Societies”, (Law in Context: A Socio-Legal Journal (2000). Vol.17, No.1: 167-168.
Davies, Ed. “Indonesia's Aceh Resumes Public Caning Despite Pledge to Curb Access.” https://www.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-aceh-caning/indonesias-aceh-resumes-public-caning-despite-pledge-to-curb-access-idUSKBN1K31N1 (accessed April 5, 2020).
Fadlia, Faradilla and Ramadani, Ismar. “The Qanun Jinayat Discriminates Against Women (Victims of Rape) in Aceh, Indonesia.” Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights (2018): 448-470.
-------. “The Definition of Private and Public Space in Implementation of Qanun Jinayah in Aceh.” Journal ADDIN (2019): 129-148.
Fitriady, Eddy. “Eksekusi Hukuman Cambuk di Aceh Jadi Tontonan Turis Malaysia.” https://www.tribunnews.com/regional/ 2018/04/20/eksekusi-hukuman-cambuk-di-aceh-jadi-tontonan-turis-malaysia, accessed on May 05, 2019.
Freener, Michael R. “Shari’a and Social Engineering: The Implementation of Islamic Law in Contemporary Aceh, Indonesia.” Oxford Islamic Legal Studies (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014).
Majid, Ab, Zuhdi, Mahmood. “Bidang Kuasa Jenayah Mahkamah Syariah di Malaysia.” Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (2001).
Mardira, Salman. “Tangkap Ajudan Wali Kota Mesum, Komandan Polisi Syariah Dicopot.” https://news.okezone.com /read/2013/04/19/340/794607/tangkap-ajudan-wali-kota-mesum-komandan-polisi-syariah-dicopot, accessed on August 08, 2019.
Melayu, Arifin, Hasnul. “Hukuman Cambuk dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kasus Khalwat di Aceh.” Jurnal Ar-Raniry Media Kajian Keislaman (2011): 59-82.
OCHR, “Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.” https://www.ohchr.org/ en/professionalinterest/pages/cat.aspx accessed on April 5, 2020.
Ocktoberrinsyah. “Tujuan Pemidanaan dalam Islam.” Jurnal In Right:
Jurnal Agama dan Hak Asasi Manusia, (2017). Vol. 1 No. 1: 34.
Opt4. “Aminullah: Uqubat Cambuk Komitmen Pemko Banda Aceh Tegakkan Syariat Islam.” https://acehprov.go.id/news/read /2018/02/27/5161/aminullah-uqubat-cambuk-komitmen-pemko-banda-aceh-tegakkan-syariat-islam.html, accessed on April 06, 2020.
Putra, Irwansyah. “Eksekusi Hukuman Cambuk.” https://aceh. antaranews.com/berita/49470/eksekusi-hukuman-cambuk, accessed on April 06. 2020.
Ramzan, Shazia, Naseem Akhter, and Ainee Rubab. “Punishment From Islamic Perspective.” FWU Journal of Social Sciences (2015): 53-56.
RCP. Crime Courts and Confidence. Report of an Independent Inquiry into Alternatives to Prison. Rethinking Crime and Punishment. London: Esmee Fairbairn Foundation, 2004.
Sanja, Junaidisyah. “Penyimpangan Terhadap Eksekusi Pidana Cambuk (Suatu Penelitian di Wilayah Hukum Mahkamah Syar’Iyah Meulaboh dan Jantho).” Faculty of Law, Universitas Syiah Kuala, 2016, https://etd.unsyiah.ac.id/baca/index.php? id=23030&page=1.
Sidahmed, Salam, Abdel. “Problems in Contemporary Applications of Islamic Criminal Sanctions: The Penalty for Adultery in Relation to Women.” British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies (2001): 187-204.
Siregar, Basri, Hasnil. “Lessons Learned from the Implementation of Islamic Shari'ah Criminal Law in Aceh, Indonesia.” Journal of Law and Religion (2009): 143-176.
Suparmin, Sudirman. “Hukuman Cambuk Terhadap Non Muslim Pelaku Jarimah Di Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (Studi Putusan No. 01/JN/2016/MS. TKN).” Journal Analytical Islamica (2017): 147-154.
Umma. “Surat An Nur Ayat 2, Arab Latin, Arti, Tafsir dan Kandungan.” https://umma.id/post/surat-an-nur-ayat-2-arab-latin-arti-tafsir-dan-kandungan-297662?lang=id, accessed 16 May 2020.
Waqas, Muhammad., and Qaiser Humdia. “A Comparative Analysis of Punishments Awarded in Islamic Legal System and Western Legal System. International research journal of social sciences (2014): 51-54.
Published
2020-06-25
How to Cite
Fadlia, F., Susilawati, N., Ramadani, I., & Sari, N. (2020). Deterring or Entertaining? Can the Caning Punishment Execution in Aceh Meet its Objective?. Mazahib, 19(1), 41-78. https://doi.org/10.21093/mj.v19i1.2055
Section
Articles
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