QONUN: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-undangan

Redefining Inheritance Justice: The Practice of Patah Titi and The Role of Substitute Heirs in Islamic Law in Sabang City, Aceh

Aulil Amri — 2026-04-09

Inheritance issues are common in daily life, one of which is the patah titi system, formally referred to as substitute heirs. In Sabang City, Aceh, this concept is still practiced children whose parents die before the inheritance giver are considered ineligible to receive inheritance. This stems from the belief that such children are not specifically mentioned in the Qur’anic inheritance divisions, and thus, do not qualify to inherit from their grandparents. This study aims to explore the concept of patah titi in Sabang society and analyze it through Article 185 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) regarding substitute heirs. The research uses an empirical legal approach combined with statutory analysis. Findings show that the patah titi practice remains active in Gampong Kuta Timu, Sabang, despite existing legal provisions on substitute heirs in the KHI. Misunderstanding the meaning of patah titi has created more negative than positive impacts not only in the inheritance process but also in weakening family bonds. In practice, grandchildren affected by patah titi may receive assets through grants, whereas grandchildren recognized as substitute heirs receive assets through inheritance.

Fikih Jinayah dan Relevansinya Terhadap Hukum Keluarga

Misra Netti — 2026-04-09

Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah keterkaitan antara fikih jinayah dan hukum keluarga serta perannya dalam memperkuat perlindungan keluarga dalam konteks sosial kontemporer. Fikih jinayah sebagai cabang hukum pidana Islam tidak hanya mengatur tindak kejahatan, tetapi juga berfungsi menjaga tatanan moral dan sosial masyarakat, termasuk institusi keluarga. Berbagai pelanggaran seperti zina, qadzaf, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, dan penelantaran keluarga memiliki konsekuensi pidana yang berdampak langsung terhadap keharmonisan keluarga. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan dengan menelaah literatur klasik dan kontemporer terkait fikih jinayah dan hukum keluarga meninjauh pada sanksi ta'zir dalam Fikih Jinayah dengan pasal-pasal pelanggaran kewajiban suami-istri dalam UU Perkawinan/KHI, untuk menemukan bahwa penegakan hukum pidana Islam dalam keluarga berfungsi sebagai upaya preventif (preventive measure) terhadap kehancuran institusi keluarga, serta putusan hakim di Pengadilan Agama yang mengaitkan tindak pidana (KDRT) sebagai alasan kuat fasakh (pembatalan/putus) pernikahan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa fikih jinayah berperan penting dalam melindungi kehormatan, keturunan, dan keselamatan jiwa anggota keluarga melalui penerapan sanksi hudud, qishash, diyat, dan ta’zir. Pendekatan fikih jinayah modern juga menekankan prinsip restoratif yang berlandaskan maqashid syariah, yaitu perlindungan keluarga, pemulihan korban, dan penegakan keadilan. Dengan demikian, integrasi fikih jinayah dan hukum keluarga menjadi penting sebagai upaya memperkuat sistem hukum yang mampu menjaga stabilitas sosial, moral, dan keberlangsungan keluarga sebagai pilar utama masyarakat.

Peran BPSK dalam Perlindungan Hukum pada Transaksi E-Commerce

Marina Yetrin Sriyati Mewu — 2026-04-12

Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah mendorong perubahan dalam sistem transaksi perdagangan di Indonesia, khususnya melalui e-commerce. Di samping memberikan kemudahan dan efisiensi, transaksi online juga menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan, seperti penipuan, ketidaksesuaian barang, dan pelanggaran data pribadi. Kondisi ini menunjukkan pentingnya perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) Denpasar dalam memberikan perlindungan hukum pada transaksi e-commerce serta mengidentifikasi kendala yang dihadapi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BPSK Denpasar berperan aktif dalam menyelesaikan sengketa melalui mediasi, konsultasi, dan pemberian edukasi kepada konsumen. Dalam praktiknya, sebagian besar sengketa diselesaikan melalui mediasi tanpa melalui proses peradilan. Namun, terdapat kendala berupa keterbatasan sumber daya manusia dan belum optimalnya kerja sama dengan platform e-commerce. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan kelembagaan BPSK dan peningkatan kesadaran hukum masyarakat guna mendukung terciptanya transaksi e-commerce yang adil dan aman.

Normalization of Necessity Legal Maxims in DSN-MUI Fatwas: An Empirical Analysis of Indonesian Sharia Economic Fiqh Methodology

Ahmad Musadad — 2026-04-17

The rapid development of the Islamic finance industry requires adaptive legal reasoning capable of responding to the increasing complexity of modern economic transactions. In Indonesia, fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulama Council (DSN-MUI) play a crucial role in establishing the normative framework of Islamic economic practices. This study aims to examine the use of necessity-based legal maxims (qawāʿid al-ḍarūra) in DSN-MUI fatwas and to analyze their methodological implications for the development of contemporary Islamic economic jurisprudence. Employing a qualitative approach with documentary analysis and content analysis methods, this research analyzes 165 DSN-MUI fatwas issued during the early phase of Islamic economic development in Indonesia. The findings reveal that 89 fatwas, representing approximately 53.9% of the total sample, explicitly employ legal maxims related to necessity, harm removal, or urgent need as the basis of legal reasoning. The most frequently applied maxims include al-ḍarar yuzāl, al-ḍarar yudfaʿ bi-qadr al-imkān, and al-ḥājah tanzil manzilat al-ḍarūra. These maxims are predominantly applied within sectors characterized by high transactional complexity, particularly Islamic banking, Islamic capital markets, and modern financial industries. The findings indicate that necessity-based maxims no longer function solely as exceptional mechanisms in classical Islamic jurisprudence but have evolved into methodological tools for adapting Islamic law to the dynamics of modern economic systems. This study contributes to the theoretical discourse on Islamic legal methodology by highlighting the strategic role of qawāʿid fiqhiyyah in the evolution of contemporary fiqh al-muʿāmalāt

Sad Al-Dzara'i As a Preventive Norm in Family Law a Conceptual Analysis and Practical Application

Muhammad Zainuddin Sunarto — 2026-04-20

This study examines sad al-dzara’i as a preventive normative principle in Islamic family law in response to contemporary socio-legal challenges. While existing scholarship predominantly emphasizes maqasid al-shari’ah as a framework for reform, limited attention has been devoted to the systematic operationalization of sad al-dzara’i as a structured preventive mechanism. This study addresses that gap by reconstructing its epistemological foundation and analysing its practical relevance in Indonesian family law contexts. Employing normative legal research with conceptual and statutory approaches, this article analyses classical ushul al-fiqh literature alongside Indonesian family law regulations. It further incorporates contextual socio-legal analysis of Aceh and Probolinggo, selected for their contrasting legal configurations: Aceh with formal Sharia-based regional regulations and Probolinggo within the national legal framework shaped by strong socio-religious authority. The findings indicate that sad al-dzara’i functions not merely as a theoretical doctrine but as an operational preventive paradigm reflected in regulatory safeguards, marriage age restrictions, and mediation mechanisms aimed at mitigating risks such as child marriage and family instability. The study concludes that integrating sad al-dzara’i within contemporary family law strengthens its anticipatory and adaptive character, aligning with maqasid al-shari’ah in safeguarding life, dignity, intellect, and lineage, while offering a preventive legal model for plural legal systems.