RELEVANSI DAN ADAPTABILITAS HUKUM PERDATA ISLAM DALAM FORMASI HUKUM PERDATA MODERN: TINJAUAN NORMATIF-HISTORIS PERIODE TANZIMAT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21093/hyk1zt89Keywords:
Majalla al-Ahkam al-Adliyyah, Relevance of Islamic law, Civil law, Tanzimat.Abstract
Amdisy the wave of secularization and westernization during the Tanzimat Period a view emerged that Sharia law was no longer relevant to serve as the foundation for a modern constitution. This study aims to examine the validity of that view by analyzing the dynamics behind the birth of Majalla al-Ahkam al-Adliyyah and evaluating the relevance and adaptability of Islamic civil law substance in modern constutitutional formation. The research method utilized is a Narrative Literature Review with a normative-historical approach, which combines critical literature review with a comprative analysis of the jurisprudential maxims of the Majalla, the Turk Medeni Kanunu, and the Burgerlijk Wetboek (BW). The results of this study prove that Islamic Civil Law is highly relevant, continuous, and progressive. The comparative study demonstrates the absence of contradictions between Western and Islamic laws. In fact, modern principles have been systematically integrated into Islamic Civil Law since ancient times. Although the Majalla has limitations, as tit only explains muamalah law and excludes other civil areas such as family law, the core substance of Sharia within the Majalla underscores that Islamic law is not a rigid and conservative system, but rather a progresive law.
References
Ahmad, Abid Alfat-h. “Sejarah Konflik Politik di Wilayah Kekuasaan Turki Utsmani pada Masa Sultan Sulaiman Al-Qonuni Tahun 1520–1566 M.” Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Mahasiswa Sejarah Peradaban Islam (KONMASPI) 2 (2025).
Ahmed Cevdet Pasha. Majalla Al-Ahkam Al-Adliyyah. Al-Adabiyyah, 1912.
Al Hakim, Ahmad Dhiyaul Haq. “Sulaiman Al-Qanuni: Pemimpin yang Bijak dan Intelektual Perumus Undang-Undang dalam Sejarah Kesultanan Turki Utsmani (1520-1566).” Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Mahasiswa Sejarah Peradaban Islam (KONMASPI) 2 (2025).
Berkes, Niyazi. The development of secularism in Turkey. Routledge, 2013.
Coulson, Noel. A history of Islamic law. Routledge, 2017.
Demetriades, Ismail Haqqi, Tyser. The Mejelle, Being N English Translation Of Majallahel-Ahkam-I-Adliya And A Complete-Code On Islamic Civil Law. Vol. 2. Law Publishing Company, 1980.
Djalil, M. Bisri. Kemunduran Dan Perkembangan Politik Turki Uthmani. t.t.
Fajrianti, Farida Hanum, Intan Delima Hasibuan, Fara Salsabila Munthe, Sri Kusuma Wardani, dan Muhammad Ilham. “Dinamika Perkembangan Politik dan Hukum Islam Pada Masa Kekhalifahan Turki Usmani dibawah Kekuasaan Sultan Muhammad Al-Fatih.” Tabayyun: Journal Of Islamic Studies 2, no. 01 (2024).
Fitriana, Fita Nur, Monika Putri, Nandan Devi Nurhayati, dan Syifa Muhanditsah. “Kejayaan Muhammad Al-Fatih dalam Menaklukkan Konstantinopel Tahun 1453 Masehi.” Nusantara Hasana Journal 2, no. 2 (2022): 60–66.
Jamil, Mubarok. Eksistensi Majallat al-Ahkam al-’Adilyyah. t.t., 1– 12.
J.M. Kemper. Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (Burgerlijk Wetboek Voor Indonesie). 1847.
Misnan, Misnan. “Sejarah Kodifikasi Hukum Islam (Taqnin) Di Negara Islam.” Al-Usrah : Jurnal Al Ahwal As Syakhsiyah 9, no. 01 (2021). https://doi.org/10.30821/al-usrah.v9i01.10400.
Mukhsin, Abd. Turki Usmani Dan Politik Hukumnya. no. 2 (2009).
Muthalib, Salman Abdul. “Majjallat Al-Ahkam Al-‘Adliyyah: Position And Influence On The Development Of Fiqh.” Media Syari’ah : Wahana Kajian Hukum Islam Dan Pranata Sosial 24, No. 2 (2022): 276. Https://Doi.Org/10.22373/Jms.V24i2.15905.
Rafiqi, Yusep. Al-Dhaw?bith Al-Fiqhiyyah Yang Berkaitan Dengan Jual Beli. t.t.
Rojak, Encep Abdul. “Hukum Keluarga Di Dunia Islam (Perbandingan Kitab Majallatul Ahkam Di Turki Dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam Di Indonesia).” Tahkim (Jurnal Peradaban dan Hukum Islam) 2, no. 1 (2019). https://doi.org/10.29313/tahkim.v2i1.4392.
Rosdiana, Rosdiana. “Modernisasi Kesultanan Utsmani Pada Era Tanzimat (18391876).” Edu Sociata (Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi) 7, no. 1 (2024): 908–15.
Türk Kanunu Medenisinin Yürürlükten Kaldirilmi? Hükümleri. Vol. 7. 1926.
Tohari, Chamim. “Majallah Al-Ahkâm Al-Adliyyah (Analisis Historis Dan Kedudukannya Dalam Sistem Tata Hukum Turki Modern).” Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum 14, no. 1 (2017): 15–34. https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v14i1.736.
Yuli Prasetyo, Ratu Setya Arum Angi, dan Ariane Indira Renanda. “Implikasi Hukum Terhadap Pencantuman Klausula Rebus Sic Stantibus Dalam Kontrak Privat Ditinjau Dari Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata Indonesia.” Diponegoro Private Law Review 8, no. 2 (2025): 120–33.
Zayyadi, Ahmad. “Reformasi Hukum Di Turki Dan Mesir (Tinjauan Historissosiologis).” Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum 2, no. 1 (2014). https://doi.org/10.14421/al-mazaahib.v2i1.1402.
