Kepemimpinan Perempuan dalam Al-Qur’an: Komparasi Hermeneutika Amina Wadud dan Asma Barlas Pada Kisah Ratu Balqis
Keywords:
Amina Wadud; Asma Barlas; Balqis Narrative; Gender Equality; Qur’anic Hermeneutics; Women’s Leadership
Abstract
This study examines the narrative of Queen Balqis in Qur'an Surah An-Naml (27): 22–44 as a theological foundation for women’s leadership in Islam. The research addresses the persistent tension between patriarchal interpretations of the Qur'an and its normative commitment to justice and equality. Using a qualitative library research design, this study analyzes primary texts by Amina Wadud and Asma Barlas, supported by relevant secondary sources. Data are collected through documentation and analyzed using a comparative hermeneutical approach. The study employs Wadud’s tawhid-based hermeneutics and Barlas’s anti-patriarchal epistemological critique as its theoretical framework. The findings reveal that the Qur'anic portrayal of Balqis represents an egalitarian model of leadership characterized by rationality, consultation (shura), and peaceful diplomacy, which stands in contrast to authoritarian masculine leadership models. Both Wadud and Barlas argue that gender bias in classical exegesis stems from historical and socio-cultural constructions rather than the Qur'anic text itself. This study contends that leadership in the Qur'an is functional and grounded in moral and intellectual capacity, not gender. The implication of this research highlights the urgency of reconstructing Qur'anic and Hadith studies through inclusive and context-sensitive hermeneutics. This approach contributes to advancing gender-just interpretations and reinforces the theological legitimacy of women’s leadership in contemporary Islamic discourse.
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Published
2026-05-01
Section
Articles
