Ayat Pidana Seksual dalam Tafsir Victim Precipitation
Abstract
Kejahatan tidak lahir dari ruang kosong. Kejahatan ada karena adanya interaksi yang terjadi antar individu. Dalam hal ini, Al-qur’an sebagai sumber hukum bagi muslim telah menetapkan aturan terkait dengan pidana, tetapi apakah hubungan intimasi antar pelaku dan korban telah pun dibahas? Tulisan ini bertujuan menggali konsep victim precipitation dari sudut pandang ketetapan pidana dalam al-qur’an. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perbandingan. Penelitian ini juga dikuatkan dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif pada teori victim precipitation yang terkandung dalam ayat pidana al-qur’an. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa al-qur’an sebagai sumber hukum, telah sejak lama mengakui adanya peran korban dalam kejahatan seksual. Hal ini tergambarkan secara implisit pada beberapa ayat yang menetapkan kewajiban yang bersifat ketersalingan antara lelaki dan perempuan. Sehingga absennya satu pihak dalam menjalankan kewajibannya, memperbesar kemungkinan terjadinya kekerasan seksual. Hal lainnya yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah peran korban tidak serta merta merupakan bentuk penyalahan terhadap korban, terlebih penyematan stigma pada korban, karena pertanggungjawaban terhadap tindak pidana tetap disematkan kepada pelaku. Lebih lanjut, ayat pidana seksual secara umum berkaitan dengan penguatan pendekatan preventif dalam ruang lingkup personal maupun komunitas, di samping ayat pidana seksual juga menyangkut pembahasan peranan korban dalam peristiwa kejahatan.
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