The Cohort Effect Approach to a Friction in Students-Life Beyond Religious and Mental Health for Anxiety Disorder at IAIN Langsa
Keywords:
, cohort effect, friction, mental health, religious
Abstract
The article scrutinized a friction stem in students, a false or a real of hope, struggle, and retentive in life when anxiety attacking the consciousness and bridging religious tradition and mental health status. Beyond reality to fantasy, within the inner perceptive, students construct artificial facts in the brain to stimulate action as a course of reactions. The artificial are related to a hope, an expectation, inviting a positive outcome to be believed as an alternative fact to subdue anxiety of fears, which come to overshadow students’ mental status. For inner students’ mental status, there is friction which pressing one to another for their artificial feeling either became the greatest power or worst nightmare affected to daily life and exposure both internally and externally reactions. A cohort effect approaches were applied to observe a longitudinal study for students’ behaviors in contemplating anxiety disorder affect that relied on religious and mental health for an individual sample. Student’s behaviors respect a particular characteristic as the aging process. The approaches aimed at physical features; body shape, decision making, level of aggressiveness, fears, and matting patterns. Thus, students’ frictions are traceable to foresee students’ mental health disorders as an umbrella from a diverse field in clinical psychology.References
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Azeredo, C. M., Rinaldi, A. E. M., de Moraes, C. L., Levy, R. B., & Menezes, P. R. (2015). School Bullying: A systematic Review of Contextual-level Risk Factors in Observational Studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 22.
Azizi, F. (2017). Explanation of the Spiritual Health Care at Different Levels of Prevention. History of Medicine Journal, 8(29).
Bhatti, M. I., Batool, N., & Riaz, M. N. (2011). Relationship between Spiritual Wellness and Quality of Life among University Students. Pakistan Journal of Psychology, 42(2).
Blake, J., Yaghmaian, R., Brooks, J., Fais, C., & Chan, F. (2018). Attachment, Hope, and Participation: Testing an Expanded Model of Snyder’s Hope Theory for Prediction of Participation for Individuals with Spinal Cord injury. Rehabilitation Psychology Journal, 63(2).
Bryant, R. A., Edwards, B., Creamer, M., O’Donnell, M., Forbes, D., Felmingham, K. L., … Hadzi-Pavlovic, D. (2018). The Effect of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder on Refugees‟ Parenting and their Children’s Mental Health: A Cohort Study. Lancet Public Health Publication, 3(5).
Butterworth, S., Linden, A., McClay, W., & Leo, M. C. (2006). Effect of Motivational Interviewing-based Health Coaching on Employees’ Physical and Mental Health Status. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11(2).
Carlbring, P., Andersson, G., Cuijpers, P., Riper, H., & Hedman-Lagerlöf, E. (2018). Internet-Based vs. Face-to-Face Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Psychiatric and Somatic Disorders: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cogn Behav Ther, 47(1).
Chen, D. D. (2017). Stress Management and Prevention: Applications to Daily Life (3rd ed.). New York: Routledge, Tylor and Francis Group.
Copeland, W. E., Wolke, D., Angold, A., & Costello, E. J. (2013). Adult Psychiatric Outcomes of Bullying and being Bullied by Peers in Childhood and Adolescence. JAMA Psychiatry, 70(4).
Cross, D., Lester, L., & Barnes, A. (2015). A Longitudinal Study of the Social and Emotional Predictors and Consequences of Cyber and Traditional Bullying Victimization. International Journal of Public Health, 60.
Daradjat, Z. et al. (2004). Ilmu Pendidikan Islam. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
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Debnam, K. J., Waasdorp, T. E., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2016). Examining the Contemporaneous Occurrence of Bullying and Teen Dating Violence Victimization. School Psychol Quart, 31.
Del Barrio, V., Holgado-Tello, F. P., & Carrasco, M. A. (2016). Concurrent and Longitudinal Effects of Maternal and Paternal Warmth on Depression Symptoms in Children and Adolescents. Psychiatry Research, 242.
Feldman, D. B., Balaraman, M., & Anderson, C. (2018). Hope and Meaning-in-Life: Points of Contact between Hope Theory and Existentialism. In The Oxford Handbook of Hope. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Haque, A., Khan, F., Keshavarzi, H., & Rothman, A. E. (2016). Integrating Islamic Traditions in Modern Psychology: Research Trends in Last Ten Years. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 10(1).
Harahap, R. D. (2016). LGBT in Indonesia: Perspective of Islamic Law, Human Rights, Psychology and Maslahah Approach. Al-Ahkam Journal, 26(2).
Harris, K. M., Gordon-Larsen, P., Chantala, K., & Udry, J. R. (2006). Longitudinal Trends in Race/Ethnic Disparities in Leading Health Indicators from Adolescence to Young Adulthood. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 160.
Hershenberg, R., Satterthwaite, T. D., Daldal, A., Katchmar, N., Moore, T. M., & Kable, J. W. et al. (2016). Diminished Effort on a Progressive Ratio Task in both Unipolar and Bipolar Depression. J Affect Disord, 196.
Holt, M. K., Greif, G. J., & Reid, G. et al. (2014). Associations between Past Bullying Experiences and Psychosocial and Academic Functioning among College Students. Journal of American College Health, 62(8).
Hülür, G. (2017). Personality Development Across the Lifespan, Cohort Differences in Personality. New York: Elsevier, Inc.
Hyman, M. (2009). The UltraMind solution: The Simple Way to Defeat Depression, Overcome Anxiety, and Sharpen Your Mind. New York: Scribner.
Ilham, I., & Abdullah, I. (2015). Aceh dalam Kuasa Awak Nanggroe (Studi Kemunculan Elit Baru dari Kalangan Mantan Pejuang GAM pasca Penandatanganan Nota Kesepahaman MoU Helsinki. Gadjah Mada University.
Irgens, A. C., Hoffart, A., & Nysæter, T. E. et al. (2017). Thought Field Therapy Compared to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Wait-List for Agoraphobia: A Randomized, Controlled Study with a12-Month Follow-up. Front. Psychol Journal, 8.
Jenaro, C., Flores, N., & Frías, C. P. (2017). Anxiety and Depression in Cyberbullied College Students: A Retrospective Study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.
Joshi, S. T. (2008). Icon of Unbelief: Atheist, Agnostics, and Secularist. London: Greenwood Press, Westport.
Kaplick, P. M., & Skinner, R. (2017). The Evolving Islam and Psychology Movement. European Psychologist Journal of Science, 22(3).
Kasim, F. M., & Nurdin, A. (2015). Sosiologi Konflik: Sosiologi Masyarakat Aceh. Lhokseumawe: Malikussaleh University Press.
Kennison, R. F. (2017). Cohort Effects. In The Encyclopedia of Neuropsychology. Singapore: Springer Press.
Kiecolt, K. J., & Nathan, L. E. (1985). Secondary Analysis of Survey Data. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage University Paper series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences.
Kim, J., Smith, T. W., & Kang, J. H. (2015). Religious Affiliation, Religious Service Attendance, and Mortality. Journal of Religion and Health, 54(6).
King, L. A. (2001). The health benefits of writing about life goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167201277003
Lazarus, R. S., McLellan, L. F., & Hudson, J. L. (2018). Recalled Challenging Parenting Behavior and Anxiety in Adulthood: An Exploratory Retrospective Cohort Study. J Child FAM Stud, 27(2).
McEwen, B. S., & Wingfield, J. C. (2010). What is in a Name? Integrating Homeostasis, Allostasis and Stress. Hormones and Behavior Journal of Psychology, 57(2).
Möller, E. L., Majdandžić, M., de Vente, W., & Bögels, S. M. (2013). The Evolutionary Basis of Sex Differences in Parenting and its Relationship with Child Anxiety in Western Societies. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 4(2).
Morina, N., Malek, M., Nickerson, A., & Bryant, R. A. (2015). Meta-Analysis of Interventions for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression in Adult Survivors of Mass Violence in Low‐and Middle‐Income Countries. Depress Anxiety, 34.
Muhandis, J., Yamin, M. N., & Nurjan, S. (2020). Jamuro Religious Factors: Perspective of Islamic Educational Psychology. International Journal of Islamic Educational Psychology, 1(1).
Nind, M., & Kellett, M. (2002). Responding to Individuals with Severe Learning Difficulties and Stereotyped Behavior: Challenges for an Inclusive Era. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 17(3).
Oblath, R., Green, J. G., Guzmán, J., Felix, E. D., Furlong, M. J., Holt, M., & Sharkey, J. (2019). Retrospective Perceptions of Power Imbalance in Childhood Bullying among College Students. Journal of American College Health.
Papalia, D. E., Sterns, H. L., Feldman, R. D., & Camp, C. J. (2007). Adult Development and Aging (3rd ed.). New York: Mcgraw Hill.
Plane, D. (2004). Population Distribution-Geographic Areas. In Methods and Materials of Demography (2nd ed.). New York: Elsevier Academic Press.
Rhemtulla, M., & Hancock, G. R. (2016). Planned Missing Data Designs in Educational Psychology Research. Psychologist, 51(3–4).
Richards, D., Richardson, T., Timulak, L., & McElvaney, J. (2015). The Efficacy of Internet-Delivered Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Internet Interventions Journals, 2(3).
Roetman, L. M. (2019). Parental Bonding, Adult Attachment and its Cross-Sex Effects on Anxiety and Depression: A Retrospective Approach. Universiteit Leiden Department of Clinical Psychology.
Rosenberg, R., & Kosslyn, S. (2014). Abnormal Psychology (2nd ed.). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Sahlan, M., Fajarni, S., Ikramatoun, S., Kamil, A., & Ilham, I. (2019). The Roles of Ulama in the process of Post-Conflict Reconciliation in Aceh. Society, 7(2).
Scarpato, B. S., Swardfager, W., Eid, M., Ploubidis, G. B., & Cogo-Moreira, H. (2020). Disentangling Trait, Occasion-Specific, and Accumulated Situational Effects of Psychological Distress in Adulthood: Evidence from the 1958 and 1970 British Birth Cohorts. Psychological Medicine Journal, 11(1).
Schietz, R., & Villares, E. (2017). Effects of the Girl Squad Curriculum on Grade 5 Females’ Transition to Middle School. Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation Journal Middle School Journal, 47(1).
Seidi, P. A. M., Jaff, D., Connolly, S. M., & Hoffart, A. (2020). Applying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Thought Field Therapy in Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Retrospective Case Series Study of Mental-Health Interventions in a Setting of Political Instability and Armed Conflicts. EXPLORE: The Journal of Science and Healing.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A Visionary New Understanding of Happiness and Well-being. New York: Free Press.
Skinner, R. (2019). Traditions, Paradigms and Basic Concepts in Islamic Psychology. J Relig Health, 58(2).
Spittal, M. J., Studdert, D. M., & Paterson, R. et al. (2016). Outcomes of Notifications to Health Practitioner Boards: A Retrospective Cohort Study. BMC Med Journal, 14.
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & L€owe, B. (2006). A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med, 166.
Suwardin, H. (2018). Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual, and Transgender (LGBT): The Perspective of Imam Syafi’i, Islamic Law, and Positive Law. Nuansa, 11(2).
Swearer, S. M., & Hymel, S. (2015). Understanding the Psychology of Bullying: Moving toward a Social-Ecological Diathesis–Stress Model. Am Psychol, 70(3).
Tuerk, P. W., Yoder, M., Ruggiero, K. J., Gros, D. F., & Acierno, R. (2010). A Pilot Study of Prolonged Exposure Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Delivered Via Telehealth Technology. J Trauma Stress, 23(1).
Venkatesan, A., Rahimi, L., Kaur, M., & Mosunic, C. (2020). Digital Cognitive Behavior Therapy Intervention for Depression and Anxiety: Retrospective Study. JMIR Ment Health, 7(8).
Waller, R. (2014). The Philosophy of James Martineau. Oxford Handbook Online.
Watanabe, K., Kawakami, N., & Imamura, K. et al. (2017). Pokémon GO and Psychological Distress, Physical Complaints, and Work Performance among Adult Workers: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Sci Rep Journal, 7(2).
Woodworth, R. S., & Marquis, D. G. (1957). Psychology. New York: Holt.
Zahn-Waxler, C., Shirtcliff, E. A., & Marceau, K. (2008). Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence: Gender and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 4.
Zhang, A., Musu-Gillette, L., & Oudekerk, B. A. (2015). Indicators of School Crime and Safety: NCES 2016-079/NCJ 249758. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.
Allotey, J., Zamora, J., Cheong‐See, F., Kalidindi, M., Arroyo‐Manzano, D., Asztalos, E., … Thangaratinam, S. (2018). Cognitive, Motor, Behavioural and Academic Performances of Children Born Preterm: A Meta‐Analysis and Systematic Review Involving 64 061 Children. An International Journal of Obstertics and Gynaecology, 125(1).
Azeredo, C. M., Rinaldi, A. E. M., de Moraes, C. L., Levy, R. B., & Menezes, P. R. (2015). School Bullying: A systematic Review of Contextual-level Risk Factors in Observational Studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 22.
Azizi, F. (2017). Explanation of the Spiritual Health Care at Different Levels of Prevention. History of Medicine Journal, 8(29).
Bhatti, M. I., Batool, N., & Riaz, M. N. (2011). Relationship between Spiritual Wellness and Quality of Life among University Students. Pakistan Journal of Psychology, 42(2).
Blake, J., Yaghmaian, R., Brooks, J., Fais, C., & Chan, F. (2018). Attachment, Hope, and Participation: Testing an Expanded Model of Snyder’s Hope Theory for Prediction of Participation for Individuals with Spinal Cord injury. Rehabilitation Psychology Journal, 63(2).
Bryant, R. A., Edwards, B., Creamer, M., O’Donnell, M., Forbes, D., Felmingham, K. L., … Hadzi-Pavlovic, D. (2018). The Effect of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder on Refugees‟ Parenting and their Children’s Mental Health: A Cohort Study. Lancet Public Health Publication, 3(5).
Butterworth, S., Linden, A., McClay, W., & Leo, M. C. (2006). Effect of Motivational Interviewing-based Health Coaching on Employees’ Physical and Mental Health Status. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11(2).
Carlbring, P., Andersson, G., Cuijpers, P., Riper, H., & Hedman-Lagerlöf, E. (2018). Internet-Based vs. Face-to-Face Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Psychiatric and Somatic Disorders: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cogn Behav Ther, 47(1).
Chen, D. D. (2017). Stress Management and Prevention: Applications to Daily Life (3rd ed.). New York: Routledge, Tylor and Francis Group.
Copeland, W. E., Wolke, D., Angold, A., & Costello, E. J. (2013). Adult Psychiatric Outcomes of Bullying and being Bullied by Peers in Childhood and Adolescence. JAMA Psychiatry, 70(4).
Cross, D., Lester, L., & Barnes, A. (2015). A Longitudinal Study of the Social and Emotional Predictors and Consequences of Cyber and Traditional Bullying Victimization. International Journal of Public Health, 60.
Daradjat, Z. et al. (2004). Ilmu Pendidikan Islam. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Darviri, C., Alexopoulos, E. C., Artemiadis, A. K., Tigani, X., Kraniotou, C., Darvyri, P., & Chrousos, G. P. (2014). The Healthy Lifestyle and Personal Control Questionnaire (HLPCQ): A Novel Tool for Assessing Self-Empowerment through a Constellation of Daily Activities. BMC Public Health, 14.
Debnam, K. J., Waasdorp, T. E., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2016). Examining the Contemporaneous Occurrence of Bullying and Teen Dating Violence Victimization. School Psychol Quart, 31.
Del Barrio, V., Holgado-Tello, F. P., & Carrasco, M. A. (2016). Concurrent and Longitudinal Effects of Maternal and Paternal Warmth on Depression Symptoms in Children and Adolescents. Psychiatry Research, 242.
Feldman, D. B., Balaraman, M., & Anderson, C. (2018). Hope and Meaning-in-Life: Points of Contact between Hope Theory and Existentialism. In The Oxford Handbook of Hope. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Haque, A., Khan, F., Keshavarzi, H., & Rothman, A. E. (2016). Integrating Islamic Traditions in Modern Psychology: Research Trends in Last Ten Years. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 10(1).
Harahap, R. D. (2016). LGBT in Indonesia: Perspective of Islamic Law, Human Rights, Psychology and Maslahah Approach. Al-Ahkam Journal, 26(2).
Harris, K. M., Gordon-Larsen, P., Chantala, K., & Udry, J. R. (2006). Longitudinal Trends in Race/Ethnic Disparities in Leading Health Indicators from Adolescence to Young Adulthood. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 160.
Hershenberg, R., Satterthwaite, T. D., Daldal, A., Katchmar, N., Moore, T. M., & Kable, J. W. et al. (2016). Diminished Effort on a Progressive Ratio Task in both Unipolar and Bipolar Depression. J Affect Disord, 196.
Holt, M. K., Greif, G. J., & Reid, G. et al. (2014). Associations between Past Bullying Experiences and Psychosocial and Academic Functioning among College Students. Journal of American College Health, 62(8).
Hülür, G. (2017). Personality Development Across the Lifespan, Cohort Differences in Personality. New York: Elsevier, Inc.
Hyman, M. (2009). The UltraMind solution: The Simple Way to Defeat Depression, Overcome Anxiety, and Sharpen Your Mind. New York: Scribner.
Ilham, I., & Abdullah, I. (2015). Aceh dalam Kuasa Awak Nanggroe (Studi Kemunculan Elit Baru dari Kalangan Mantan Pejuang GAM pasca Penandatanganan Nota Kesepahaman MoU Helsinki. Gadjah Mada University.
Irgens, A. C., Hoffart, A., & Nysæter, T. E. et al. (2017). Thought Field Therapy Compared to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Wait-List for Agoraphobia: A Randomized, Controlled Study with a12-Month Follow-up. Front. Psychol Journal, 8.
Jenaro, C., Flores, N., & Frías, C. P. (2017). Anxiety and Depression in Cyberbullied College Students: A Retrospective Study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.
Joshi, S. T. (2008). Icon of Unbelief: Atheist, Agnostics, and Secularist. London: Greenwood Press, Westport.
Kaplick, P. M., & Skinner, R. (2017). The Evolving Islam and Psychology Movement. European Psychologist Journal of Science, 22(3).
Kasim, F. M., & Nurdin, A. (2015). Sosiologi Konflik: Sosiologi Masyarakat Aceh. Lhokseumawe: Malikussaleh University Press.
Kennison, R. F. (2017). Cohort Effects. In The Encyclopedia of Neuropsychology. Singapore: Springer Press.
Kiecolt, K. J., & Nathan, L. E. (1985). Secondary Analysis of Survey Data. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage University Paper series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences.
Kim, J., Smith, T. W., & Kang, J. H. (2015). Religious Affiliation, Religious Service Attendance, and Mortality. Journal of Religion and Health, 54(6).
King, L. A. (2001). The health benefits of writing about life goals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167201277003
Lazarus, R. S., McLellan, L. F., & Hudson, J. L. (2018). Recalled Challenging Parenting Behavior and Anxiety in Adulthood: An Exploratory Retrospective Cohort Study. J Child FAM Stud, 27(2).
McEwen, B. S., & Wingfield, J. C. (2010). What is in a Name? Integrating Homeostasis, Allostasis and Stress. Hormones and Behavior Journal of Psychology, 57(2).
Möller, E. L., Majdandžić, M., de Vente, W., & Bögels, S. M. (2013). The Evolutionary Basis of Sex Differences in Parenting and its Relationship with Child Anxiety in Western Societies. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 4(2).
Morina, N., Malek, M., Nickerson, A., & Bryant, R. A. (2015). Meta-Analysis of Interventions for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression in Adult Survivors of Mass Violence in Low‐and Middle‐Income Countries. Depress Anxiety, 34.
Muhandis, J., Yamin, M. N., & Nurjan, S. (2020). Jamuro Religious Factors: Perspective of Islamic Educational Psychology. International Journal of Islamic Educational Psychology, 1(1).
Nind, M., & Kellett, M. (2002). Responding to Individuals with Severe Learning Difficulties and Stereotyped Behavior: Challenges for an Inclusive Era. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 17(3).
Oblath, R., Green, J. G., Guzmán, J., Felix, E. D., Furlong, M. J., Holt, M., & Sharkey, J. (2019). Retrospective Perceptions of Power Imbalance in Childhood Bullying among College Students. Journal of American College Health.
Papalia, D. E., Sterns, H. L., Feldman, R. D., & Camp, C. J. (2007). Adult Development and Aging (3rd ed.). New York: Mcgraw Hill.
Plane, D. (2004). Population Distribution-Geographic Areas. In Methods and Materials of Demography (2nd ed.). New York: Elsevier Academic Press.
Rhemtulla, M., & Hancock, G. R. (2016). Planned Missing Data Designs in Educational Psychology Research. Psychologist, 51(3–4).
Richards, D., Richardson, T., Timulak, L., & McElvaney, J. (2015). The Efficacy of Internet-Delivered Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Internet Interventions Journals, 2(3).
Roetman, L. M. (2019). Parental Bonding, Adult Attachment and its Cross-Sex Effects on Anxiety and Depression: A Retrospective Approach. Universiteit Leiden Department of Clinical Psychology.
Rosenberg, R., & Kosslyn, S. (2014). Abnormal Psychology (2nd ed.). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Sahlan, M., Fajarni, S., Ikramatoun, S., Kamil, A., & Ilham, I. (2019). The Roles of Ulama in the process of Post-Conflict Reconciliation in Aceh. Society, 7(2).
Scarpato, B. S., Swardfager, W., Eid, M., Ploubidis, G. B., & Cogo-Moreira, H. (2020). Disentangling Trait, Occasion-Specific, and Accumulated Situational Effects of Psychological Distress in Adulthood: Evidence from the 1958 and 1970 British Birth Cohorts. Psychological Medicine Journal, 11(1).
Schietz, R., & Villares, E. (2017). Effects of the Girl Squad Curriculum on Grade 5 Females’ Transition to Middle School. Counseling Outcome Research and Evaluation Journal Middle School Journal, 47(1).
Seidi, P. A. M., Jaff, D., Connolly, S. M., & Hoffart, A. (2020). Applying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Thought Field Therapy in Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Retrospective Case Series Study of Mental-Health Interventions in a Setting of Political Instability and Armed Conflicts. EXPLORE: The Journal of Science and Healing.
Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Flourish: A Visionary New Understanding of Happiness and Well-being. New York: Free Press.
Skinner, R. (2019). Traditions, Paradigms and Basic Concepts in Islamic Psychology. J Relig Health, 58(2).
Spittal, M. J., Studdert, D. M., & Paterson, R. et al. (2016). Outcomes of Notifications to Health Practitioner Boards: A Retrospective Cohort Study. BMC Med Journal, 14.
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & L€owe, B. (2006). A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med, 166.
Suwardin, H. (2018). Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual, and Transgender (LGBT): The Perspective of Imam Syafi’i, Islamic Law, and Positive Law. Nuansa, 11(2).
Swearer, S. M., & Hymel, S. (2015). Understanding the Psychology of Bullying: Moving toward a Social-Ecological Diathesis–Stress Model. Am Psychol, 70(3).
Tuerk, P. W., Yoder, M., Ruggiero, K. J., Gros, D. F., & Acierno, R. (2010). A Pilot Study of Prolonged Exposure Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Delivered Via Telehealth Technology. J Trauma Stress, 23(1).
Venkatesan, A., Rahimi, L., Kaur, M., & Mosunic, C. (2020). Digital Cognitive Behavior Therapy Intervention for Depression and Anxiety: Retrospective Study. JMIR Ment Health, 7(8).
Waller, R. (2014). The Philosophy of James Martineau. Oxford Handbook Online.
Watanabe, K., Kawakami, N., & Imamura, K. et al. (2017). Pokémon GO and Psychological Distress, Physical Complaints, and Work Performance among Adult Workers: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Sci Rep Journal, 7(2).
Woodworth, R. S., & Marquis, D. G. (1957). Psychology. New York: Holt.
Zahn-Waxler, C., Shirtcliff, E. A., & Marceau, K. (2008). Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence: Gender and Psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 4.
Zhang, A., Musu-Gillette, L., & Oudekerk, B. A. (2015). Indicators of School Crime and Safety: NCES 2016-079/NCJ 249758. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.
Published
2020-12-01
How to Cite
Iqbal, I., Afna, M., & Sari, R. (2020). The Cohort Effect Approach to a Friction in Students-Life Beyond Religious and Mental Health for Anxiety Disorder at IAIN Langsa. Dinamika Ilmu, 20(2), 291-306. https://doi.org/10.21093/di.v20i2.2512
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