Blended Learning as a Developmental Model Strategy of Teaching and Learning in Islamic Universities in Indonesia
Keywords:
blended learning, developmental model strategy, Islamic universities, implementation, students’ perspectives
Abstract
Blended learning is a demanding topic nowadays where its existence is possibly enhance lecturers’ competencies as well as giving students new experiences from the combination of different platforms of learning i.e. face to face interaction and online class. Since blended learning seems to be relevant topic at the present time, therefore the aim of the study is to explore the implementation of blended learning in Islamic universities in six different cities in Indonesia. Direct observation was conducted in order to map the strategy used by each Islamic university in implementing blended learning method. Other than that, Focus Group Discussion was also held to all Islamic universities in order to dig deeper regarding the policy from the management of the study program of Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) as well as confirming to what researchers found on the direct observation to the lecturers related to blended learning employment. Additionally, to support the result, semi-structured interview was conducted to representative of students from each Islamic university in order to highlight their perspectives in the realization of blended learning. As a result, the researchers found that the proportion of having between offline and online learning methods are varied, whether 70:30, 60:40, or 50:50. Additionally, there is no slight difference in terms of conducted activities during the offline session, whereas the use of online platforms with varied e-learning media are found very interestingly. Lastly, interview conducted to PAI students indicate positive attitude towards the implementation of blended learning where it is obviously provide future insight for further researchers. The novelty and pedagogical implications are also highlited in this article.
References
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Al-Hunaiyyan, A. (2008). Blended E-Learning Design: Discussion of Cultural Issues. International Journal of Cyber Society and Education, 1(1), 17–32.
As’ad, M. (2021). Adaptation into Islamic Education 4.0: An Approach to Redesigning a Sustainable Education in the Post Pandemic Era. AKADEMIKA: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 26(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v26i1.3122
Baharun, H. (2016). Development of Environmental Based Islamic Education Learning Media through the ASSURE model. Jurnal Kependidikan dan Kemasyarakatan, 14(2), 231–246. https://doi.org/10.21154/cendekia.v14i2.610
Baker, S., Buttigieg, B., Cantillon, Z., Pavlidis, A., Rodriguez Castro, L., & Watson, A. (2021). Getting students to “do” introductory sociology: Analysis of a blended and flipped interactive workshop model. Journal of Sociology, 57(3), 612–630. https://doi.org/10.1177/1440783320934180
Batac, K. I. T., Baquiran, J. A., & Agaton, C. B. (2021). Qualitative Content Analysis of Teachers’ Perceptions and Experiences in Using Blended Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 20(6), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.26803/IJLTER.20.6.12
Bibi, S., & Jati, H. (2015). The Effectiveness of the Blended Learning Model on Students’ Motivation and Level of Understanding in Algorithm and Programming Subjects. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 5(1), 74–87. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v5i1.6074
Biklen, S. K., & Casella, R. (2007). A Practical Guide to the Qualitative Dissertation. Teachers College Press.
Brinkmann, S. (2013). Qualitative Interviewing: Understanding Qualitative Research. Oxford University Press.
Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education., 2nd ed.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research : Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed.). PEARSON.
Dakduk, S., Santalla-Banderali, Z., & van der Woude, D. (2018). Acceptance of Blended Learning in Executive Education. SAGE Open, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018800647
Divayana, D. G. H. (2017). Evaluation of Blended LEarning at SMK TI Udayana Using CSE-UCLA Model. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 7(1), 64–77.
Fadillah, A., Nopitasari, D., & Pradja, B. P. (2020). Blended Learning Model During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Student’s' Mathematical Disposition. JTAM (Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika), 4(2), 173. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v4i2.2582
Fahyuni, E. F., Wasis, Bandono, A., & Arifin, M. B. U. B. (2020). Integrating Islamic Values and Science for Millennial Students’ Learning on Using Seamless Mobile Media. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(2), 231–240. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v9i2.23209
Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. (2006). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications. Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.
Harrison, A. K. (2014). Narrative Inquiry, Field Research, and Interview Methods. In P. Leavy (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Qualitative Research. Oxford University Press.
Islam, M. K., Sarker, M. F. H., & Islam, M. S. (2021). Promoting Student-Centred Blended Learning in Higher Education: A Model. E-Learning and Digital Media, 0(0), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/20427530211027721
Istianingsih, S., & Hasbullah, H. (2014). Blended Learning, Trend Strategi Pembelajaran Masa Depan. Formatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA, 4(1).
Kaczynski, D., Wood, L., & Harding, A. (2008). Using Radar Charts with Qualitative Evaluation: Techniques to Assess Change in Blended Learning. Active Learning in Higher Education, 9(1), 23–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469787407086743
Kastolani, K. (2019). Digital Reorientation of Islamic Higher Education in Indonesia. AKADEMIKA: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 24(1), 151. https://doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v24i1.1618
Manan, N. Z. A., & Hanafi, H. F. (2020). Blended Learning in Islamic Studies. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 9(2), 299–308. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v9-i2/7303
Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., & Baki, M. (2013). The effectiveness of online and blended learning: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Teachers College Record, 115(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811311500307
Mielikäinen, M. (2021). Towards Blended Learning: Stakeholders’ Perspectives on a Project-Based Integrated Curriculum in ICT Engineering Education. Industry and Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950422221994471
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebooks (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Muhaimin, M. (2006). Nuansa Baru Pendidikan Islam: Mengurai Benang Kusut Dunia Pendidikan. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Perera, C. J., Zainuddin, Z., Piaw, C. Y., Cheah, K. S. L., & Asirvatham, D. (2020). The Pedagogical Frontiers of Urban Higher Education: Blended Learning and Co-Lecturing. Education and Urban Society, 52(9), 1305–1329. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013124519894966
Prawiladilaga, D. (2016). Mozaik Teknologi Pendidikan: E-Learning. Prenada Media Group.
Raj, L., & Abdallah, K. (2005). The Implementation of Interactive Tasks and Animations to Assist Learning in an Online Foundation Mathematics Course in the United Arab Emirates. 1st African Regional ICMI Congress.
Rihatul, L. (2017). Pengaruh Pembelajaran Bauran (Blended Learning) Terhadap Motivasi Siswa Pasa Materi Relasi dan Fungsi. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika, 2(1).
Sandi, G. (2018). The Effect of Blended Learning on Chemistry Learning Outcomes in Terms of Student Independence. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 45(3), 241–251.
Sari, S. P., Asty, H., & Yelliza, Y. (2021). The Implementation of Blended Learning in Teaching English During Covid-19 Pandemic At Senior High School. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 5(3), 5825–5829.
Setiawan, A. (2019a). Conceptual of Blended Learning as Islamic Education Study Program Learning Reform Action in Digital Era 4.0. Syamil, 7(2), 115–125.
Setiawan, A. (2019b). Implementation of Islamic Education Study Program Learning Based on Blended Learning in the Industrial Era 4.0 at IAIN Samarinda. Dinamika Ilmu, 19(2), 305–321. https://doi.org/10.21093/di.v19i2.1781
Setiawan, A. (2020). Needs Assessment of Blended Learning Based Islamic Education on Higher Islamic Education Samarinda. Fikrotuna, 11(01). https://doi.org/10.32806/jf.v11i01.3934
Shamad, A., & Wekke, I. S. (2019). Lecturers’ participation in applying blended learning in islamic higher education in Indonesia. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(12), 2604–2608. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2019.071207
Singh, H. (2003). Building Effective Blended Learning Programs. Educational Technology, 43(6).
Sjukur, S. (2012). The Effect of Blended Learning on Learning Motivation and Student Learning Outcomes at the SMK level. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 2(3), 368–378.
Tajuddin, M., & Syafi’i, I. (2021). Blended Learning Model of Ulumul Hadith Through Whatsapp Media. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 4(2), 162–179.
Yeou, M. (2016). An Investigation of Students’ Acceptance of Moodle in a Blended Learning Setting Using Technology Acceptance Model. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 44(3), 300–318. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239515618464
Yunita, R. (2020). A Study on Online Learning Management System: Implementation of Edmodo-Based Blended English Learning Method. Southeast Asian Journal of Islamic Education Management, 1(1).
Yusoff, S., Yusoff, R., & Md Noh, N. H. (2017). Blended Learning Approach for Less Proficient Students. SAGE Open, 7(3), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017723051
Zavyalova, K. (2020). Unlocking Students’ Motivation in the Blended Higher Education Classroom: Lecturers’ Perspectives. E-Learning and Digital Media, 17(5), 425–441. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042753020931774
Aji, W. K., Ardin, H., & Arifin, M. A. (2020). Blended Learning During Pandemic Corona Virus: Teachers’ and Students’ Perceptions. IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature, 8(2), 632–646. https://doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v8i2.1696
Alfi, C., Sumarmi, S., & Amirudin, A. (2016). The Effect of Problem-Based Geography Learning with Blended Learning on the Critical Thinking Skills of High School Students. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan, 1(4), 597–602.
Al-Hunaiyyan, A. (2008). Blended E-Learning Design: Discussion of Cultural Issues. International Journal of Cyber Society and Education, 1(1), 17–32.
As’ad, M. (2021). Adaptation into Islamic Education 4.0: An Approach to Redesigning a Sustainable Education in the Post Pandemic Era. AKADEMIKA: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 26(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v26i1.3122
Baharun, H. (2016). Development of Environmental Based Islamic Education Learning Media through the ASSURE model. Jurnal Kependidikan dan Kemasyarakatan, 14(2), 231–246. https://doi.org/10.21154/cendekia.v14i2.610
Baker, S., Buttigieg, B., Cantillon, Z., Pavlidis, A., Rodriguez Castro, L., & Watson, A. (2021). Getting students to “do” introductory sociology: Analysis of a blended and flipped interactive workshop model. Journal of Sociology, 57(3), 612–630. https://doi.org/10.1177/1440783320934180
Batac, K. I. T., Baquiran, J. A., & Agaton, C. B. (2021). Qualitative Content Analysis of Teachers’ Perceptions and Experiences in Using Blended Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 20(6), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.26803/IJLTER.20.6.12
Bibi, S., & Jati, H. (2015). The Effectiveness of the Blended Learning Model on Students’ Motivation and Level of Understanding in Algorithm and Programming Subjects. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 5(1), 74–87. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v5i1.6074
Biklen, S. K., & Casella, R. (2007). A Practical Guide to the Qualitative Dissertation. Teachers College Press.
Brinkmann, S. (2013). Qualitative Interviewing: Understanding Qualitative Research. Oxford University Press.
Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education., 2nd ed.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research : Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed.). PEARSON.
Dakduk, S., Santalla-Banderali, Z., & van der Woude, D. (2018). Acceptance of Blended Learning in Executive Education. SAGE Open, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018800647
Divayana, D. G. H. (2017). Evaluation of Blended LEarning at SMK TI Udayana Using CSE-UCLA Model. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 7(1), 64–77.
Fadillah, A., Nopitasari, D., & Pradja, B. P. (2020). Blended Learning Model During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Student’s' Mathematical Disposition. JTAM (Jurnal Teori Dan Aplikasi Matematika), 4(2), 173. https://doi.org/10.31764/jtam.v4i2.2582
Fahyuni, E. F., Wasis, Bandono, A., & Arifin, M. B. U. B. (2020). Integrating Islamic Values and Science for Millennial Students’ Learning on Using Seamless Mobile Media. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(2), 231–240. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v9i2.23209
Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. (2006). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications. Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.
Harrison, A. K. (2014). Narrative Inquiry, Field Research, and Interview Methods. In P. Leavy (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Qualitative Research. Oxford University Press.
Islam, M. K., Sarker, M. F. H., & Islam, M. S. (2021). Promoting Student-Centred Blended Learning in Higher Education: A Model. E-Learning and Digital Media, 0(0), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/20427530211027721
Istianingsih, S., & Hasbullah, H. (2014). Blended Learning, Trend Strategi Pembelajaran Masa Depan. Formatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan MIPA, 4(1).
Kaczynski, D., Wood, L., & Harding, A. (2008). Using Radar Charts with Qualitative Evaluation: Techniques to Assess Change in Blended Learning. Active Learning in Higher Education, 9(1), 23–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469787407086743
Kastolani, K. (2019). Digital Reorientation of Islamic Higher Education in Indonesia. AKADEMIKA: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 24(1), 151. https://doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v24i1.1618
Manan, N. Z. A., & Hanafi, H. F. (2020). Blended Learning in Islamic Studies. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 9(2), 299–308. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v9-i2/7303
Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., & Baki, M. (2013). The effectiveness of online and blended learning: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Teachers College Record, 115(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811311500307
Mielikäinen, M. (2021). Towards Blended Learning: Stakeholders’ Perspectives on a Project-Based Integrated Curriculum in ICT Engineering Education. Industry and Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950422221994471
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebooks (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Muhaimin, M. (2006). Nuansa Baru Pendidikan Islam: Mengurai Benang Kusut Dunia Pendidikan. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Perera, C. J., Zainuddin, Z., Piaw, C. Y., Cheah, K. S. L., & Asirvatham, D. (2020). The Pedagogical Frontiers of Urban Higher Education: Blended Learning and Co-Lecturing. Education and Urban Society, 52(9), 1305–1329. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013124519894966
Prawiladilaga, D. (2016). Mozaik Teknologi Pendidikan: E-Learning. Prenada Media Group.
Raj, L., & Abdallah, K. (2005). The Implementation of Interactive Tasks and Animations to Assist Learning in an Online Foundation Mathematics Course in the United Arab Emirates. 1st African Regional ICMI Congress.
Rihatul, L. (2017). Pengaruh Pembelajaran Bauran (Blended Learning) Terhadap Motivasi Siswa Pasa Materi Relasi dan Fungsi. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika, 2(1).
Sandi, G. (2018). The Effect of Blended Learning on Chemistry Learning Outcomes in Terms of Student Independence. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 45(3), 241–251.
Sari, S. P., Asty, H., & Yelliza, Y. (2021). The Implementation of Blended Learning in Teaching English During Covid-19 Pandemic At Senior High School. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 5(3), 5825–5829.
Setiawan, A. (2019a). Conceptual of Blended Learning as Islamic Education Study Program Learning Reform Action in Digital Era 4.0. Syamil, 7(2), 115–125.
Setiawan, A. (2019b). Implementation of Islamic Education Study Program Learning Based on Blended Learning in the Industrial Era 4.0 at IAIN Samarinda. Dinamika Ilmu, 19(2), 305–321. https://doi.org/10.21093/di.v19i2.1781
Setiawan, A. (2020). Needs Assessment of Blended Learning Based Islamic Education on Higher Islamic Education Samarinda. Fikrotuna, 11(01). https://doi.org/10.32806/jf.v11i01.3934
Shamad, A., & Wekke, I. S. (2019). Lecturers’ participation in applying blended learning in islamic higher education in Indonesia. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(12), 2604–2608. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2019.071207
Singh, H. (2003). Building Effective Blended Learning Programs. Educational Technology, 43(6).
Sjukur, S. (2012). The Effect of Blended Learning on Learning Motivation and Student Learning Outcomes at the SMK level. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 2(3), 368–378.
Tajuddin, M., & Syafi’i, I. (2021). Blended Learning Model of Ulumul Hadith Through Whatsapp Media. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 4(2), 162–179.
Yeou, M. (2016). An Investigation of Students’ Acceptance of Moodle in a Blended Learning Setting Using Technology Acceptance Model. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 44(3), 300–318. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047239515618464
Yunita, R. (2020). A Study on Online Learning Management System: Implementation of Edmodo-Based Blended English Learning Method. Southeast Asian Journal of Islamic Education Management, 1(1).
Yusoff, S., Yusoff, R., & Md Noh, N. H. (2017). Blended Learning Approach for Less Proficient Students. SAGE Open, 7(3), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017723051
Zavyalova, K. (2020). Unlocking Students’ Motivation in the Blended Higher Education Classroom: Lecturers’ Perspectives. E-Learning and Digital Media, 17(5), 425–441. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042753020931774
Published
2021-11-27
How to Cite
Saleh, K., Rukiyah, I., & Arbain, M. (2021). Blended Learning as a Developmental Model Strategy of Teaching and Learning in Islamic Universities in Indonesia. Dinamika Ilmu, 21(2), 463-475. https://doi.org/10.21093/di.v21i2.3809
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