Digital Authentic Media Exposure and Listening Development in Arabic as a Foreign Language: A Corpus-Informed Approach
Abstract
The integration of authentic materials in language education has increasingly emphasized the importance of exposing learners to natural language input that reflects real-world communication. However, the pedagogical use of digital authentic media in Arabic as a foreign language (AFL) listening instruction remains limited, and corpus-informed approaches to analyzing such materials are still underexplored. This study investigates the impact of digital authentic media exposure on AFL learners’ listening development while examining the linguistic characteristics of Arabic digital media through corpus analysis. A mixed-method design was employed involving 30 intermediate-level learners at UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. The study combined corpus-informed analysis of Arabic news broadcasts and podcasts with a quasi-experimental classroom intervention using pre-test and post-test listening assessments. The results revealed that authentic Arabic media contain high lexical density and recurrent discourse markers, providing linguistically rich listening input. Learners exposed to digital authentic media demonstrated significantly greater improvement in listening comprehension and vocabulary recognition than those using textbook-based materials. The findings highlight the pedagogical potential of corpus-informed authentic media for enhancing listening development in Arabic language learning.
References
Alexander, E., Van Hedger, S. C., & Batterink, L. J. (2023). Learning words without trying: Daily second language podcasts support word-form learning in adults. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 30(2), 751–762. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-022-02190-1
Alfuhaid, M. R. (2025). Lexical Demands of Political News Reports: A Corpus-Based Lexical Profiling Inquiry. Forum for Linguistic Studies, 7(4), 1040–1054. https://doi.org/10.30564/fls.v7i4.8944
Andajani, K., Pratiwi, Y., Suyitno, I., Prastio, B., & Maulidina, A. (2023). Challenges and Attitudes of L2 Students in Listening to Authentic Conversations Podcasts: A Case Study of Advanced Level BIPA Students. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 9(3), 168–184. https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.903015
Blaiser, K. M., Nelson, P. B., & Kohnert, K. (2015). Effect of Repeated Exposures on Word Learning in Quiet and Noise. Communication Disorders Quarterly, 37(1), 25–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525740114554483
Bohušová, Z. (2025). In Video Veritas: Short Videos as Authentic Pronunciation Exercises. Linguistische Treffen in Wroclaw, 2025(28), 247–260. https://doi.org/10.23817/lingtreff.28-15
Brown, S. (2016). L2 Listening. In Handbook of Research in Second Language Teaching and Learning: Volume III (Vol. 3, pp. 201–213). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315716893-15
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications. https://books.google.co.id-/books/about/Research_Design.html?hl=id&id=335ZDwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y
Friginal, E., & Ho, W. Y. J. (2025a). Introduction to Audio and Video Based Materials in Language Education. In Technology and Language Learning: Effective Podcasting and Video-Based Language Teaching Practices in the Age of Generative AI (pp. 3–14). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003200727-2
Friginal, E., & Ho, W. Y. J. (2025b). Technology and Language Learning: Effective Podcasting and Video-Based Language Teaching Practices in the Age of Generative AI. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003200727
Friginal, E., Ho, W. Y. J., & Neupane-Bastola, M. (2025). Using Podcasts for Language Teaching and Learning (pp. 49–65). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003200727-6
Gorozhankina, T., & Grechukhina, V. (2022). Authentic video materials as a means of shaping communicative competence in Russian among Spanish and Dutch learners. Russian Language Studies, 20(4), 483–499. https://doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2022-20-4-483-499
Hanak, N. A. (2023). Listening Comprehension in French as a Foreign Language at University Level: Difficulties and Learning Strategies. Jordan Journal of Modern Languages and Literatures, 15(2), 515–536. https://doi.org/10.47012/jjmll.15.2.7
Hidayati, Y., & Suharyadi, S. (2023). The Speech Rate and Vocabulary Profile ff Ted-Ed Videos as Extensive Listening Materials for EFL Learners. LLT Journal: Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 26(2), 483–495. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.v26i2.6414
Idhan, M., Jabir, M., Ruslin, R., Asmawi, M. N., Arafah, B., Ubadah, U., Ubay, U., & Fatima, F. (2026). Teachers’ Experiences With Mobile Apps for Arabic Language Learning: Insights From Islamic Schools in Palu, Indonesia. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 17(1), 338–350. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1701.34
Koo, M., & Yang, S.-W. (2025). Likert-type scale. Encyclopedia, 5(1), 18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5010018
Levi, E. I. (2024). Technology in lifelong language learning. In Embracing Technological Advancements for Lifelong Learning (pp. 253–277). https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1410-4.ch012
Liu, S., & Saad, M. R. B. M. (2025). Role of Extensive Reading in Vocabulary Development, Reading Comprehension, and Reading Speed: A Systematic Literature Review. Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 11(1), 87–99. https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.11108
Lochmiller, C. R. (2021). Conducting Thematic Analysis with Qualitative Data. The Qualitative Report, 26(6), 2029–2044. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2021.5008
Loesnopchaimongkhon, R., Phrommopakorn, C., Chernchom, P., & Laosrirattanachai, P. (2025). A Corpus-Based Analysis of Lexical Characteristics Across English News Categories for L2 Pedagogical Use. Journal of Studies in the English Language, 20(2), 36–65. https://doi.org/10.64731/jsel.v20i2.279647
Mehta, V., Selvakumar, P., Anute, N. B., Gandhimathi, S., Seelam, P. K., & Manjunath, T. C. (2025). Second language acquisition support through media literacy and digital media platforms. In Supporting Linguistic Differences Through Literacy Education (pp. 361–388). https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-3496-7.ch011
Nguyen, D. (2024). Using authentic materials and differentiated instruction to match EFL learners’ motivation. In Differentiated Instruction, Equity, and Inclusion in Language Education (pp. 387–415). https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-6497-0.ch013
Okoye, K., & Hosseini, S. (2024). T-test Statistics in R: Independent Samples, Paired Sample, and One Sample T-tests (K. Okoye & S. Hosseini (eds.); pp. 159–186). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-3385-9_8
Otamurodova, N., & Dadaxonova, M. (2025). Second language acquisition supports through gaming and social media platforms. In Supporting Linguistic Differences Through Literacy Education (pp. 261–286). https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-3496-7.ch008
Rosyad, M. S., Bahruddin, U., & Adam, F. M. (2023). The Reality of Learning Arabic Listening skills at Pesantren-Based Universities from the Perspective of Teaching Materials. Lisanudhad: Jurnal Bahasa, Pembelajaran Dan Sastra Arab, 10(2), 92–120. https://repository.uin-malang.ac.id/18674/
Tayyara, A. E.-R. (2022). The practicability of proverbs in teaching Arabic language and culture. Language Teaching Research, 26(4), 799–819. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168819895253
Tsang, A., & Lam, W.-K. (2025). De-foreignizing English Outside Class: Junior-Secondary-Level English-as-a-Foreign-Language Learners’ Extramural English Engagements and Listening and Reading Proficiency. RELC Journal, 56(2), 377–396. https://doi.org/10.1177/00336882241229459
Vaahtoranta, E., Suggate, S., Lenhart, J., & Lenhard, W. (2021). Language exposure and phonological short-term memory as predictors of majority language vocabulary and phonological awareness in dual language learning. Bilingualism, 24(2), 319–332. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728920000541
Vogrig, J.-N. (2021). Authentic versus purpose-built material for foreign language teaching and learning. Recherche et Pratiques Pedagogiques En Langues de Specialite - Cahiers de l’APLIUT, 40(1). https://doi.org/10.4000/apliut.8741
Wagner, E., Batty, A. O., & Galaczi, E. (2024). The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Listening. In The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Listening. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003219552
Yeldham, M. (2023). How do second language learners go about their listening when they view captioned videos? Replication studies of Taylor (2005), Winke et al. (2013) and Rodgers and Webb (2017). Language Teaching. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444823000228
















.png)