Types and Characteristics of Kyai Leadership Within Pesantren
Keywords:
characteristics of leadership, kyai leadership, pesantren context, types of leadership
Abstract
This article attempts to explore types and characteristics of Kyai leadership within Pesantren. This library research found that there are 412 articles related to the leadership of Kyai. Based on the inclusion criteria, there are 12 articles yielded as the material sources. The appropriate data found in the searching machine is analyzed accordingly to the research questions by employing a qualitative approach. Specifically, the types of Kyai leadership within Pesantren are charismatic, transformative, and democratic leaderships. The characteristics of Kyai leadership in Pesantren including having a strong and authoritative leadership character in maintaining Pesantren’s education and development; keeping the traditions, local principles and interacting with global values; having internal and external networks e.g a genealogical, ideological, historical, intellectual, theological, and spiritual networks in serving Islam and Indonesia. This research recommends for further researchers to address this study focuses on a networking of Kyai. The themes of Kyai’s intellectual networks, ideological networks, spiritual networks, theological network are highly recommended.References
Affandi, F. (2012). Pola Kepemimpinan Kyai dalam Pendidikan Pesantren (Penelitian di Pondok Pesantren As-Syi’ar Leles). Jurnal Pendidikan Universitas Garut, 6(1), 20–30.
Ajan, A., Mahrudin, A., & Mulyana, M. A. (2018). The Effectiveness of Kyai Kharismatic Leadership in Improving Teacher Performance. Tadbir Muwahhid, 2(1), 33–45.
Alam, N. A. R., & Muchtar, A. (2020). A Charismatic Leadership of Kyai on Religious Education Practices in Indonesian Pesantren. Library Philosophy and Practice.
Anwar, M. (2013). Modernisasi Pesantren: Pergeseran Tradisi dan Budaya Kyai. Hunafa: Jurnal Studia Islamika, 1(1), 19–42.
Atiqullah, A. (2012). Varian Kepemimpinan Kolektif Pondok Pesantren Di Jawa Timur. KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 20(1).
Aziz, H., & Taja, N. (2016). Kepemimpinan Kyai dalam Menjaga Tradisi Pesantren (Studi Deskriptif di Pondok Pesantren Khalafi Al-Mu’awanah Kabupaten Bandung Barat). Ta’dib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 5(1).
Bashori, B. (2019). Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kyai pada Lembaga Islam. Al-Tanzim : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 3(2), 73–84.
Choi, J. (2006). A Motivational Theory of Charismatic Leadership: Envisioning, Empathy, and Empowerment. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 13(1), 24–43.
Conger, J. A., Kanungo, R. N., & Menon, S. T. (2000). Charismatic Leadership and Follower Effects. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(7), 747–767.
Crant, J. M., & Bateman, T. S. (2000). Charismatic Leadership Viewed from above: The Impact of Proactive Personality. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(1), 63–75.
Dhofier, Z. (1994). Tradisi Pesantren: Studi Tentang Pandangan Hidup Kyai. Jakarta: LP3ES.
El-Ali, A. N. (2016). Ahmad Dahlan dan Pesantren: Gerakan Pembaharuan Pendidikan, Dakwah, dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Indonesia. DIROSAT: Journal of Islamic Studies, 1(2), 243–258.
Fadhilah, A. (2011a). Struktur dan Pola Kepemimpinan Kyai dalam Pesantren di Jawa. HUNAFA: Jurnal Studia Islamika, 8(1).
Fadhilah, A. (2011b). Struktur dan Pola Kepemimpinan Kyai dalam Pesantren di Jawa. Hunafa: Jurnal Studia Islamika, 8(1), 101–120.
Fiol, C. M., Harris, D., & House, R. (1999). Charismatic Leadership: Strategies for Effecting Social Change. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(3), 449–482.
Fitriani, M. I. (2016). Kepemimpinan Kharismatis-Transformatif Tuan Guru Dalam Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat Sasak-Lombok Melalui Pendidikan. Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 16(1).
Fuller, B. (1987). What School Factors Raise Achievement in the Third World. Review of Educational Research, 57(3), 225–292.
Gaspersz, V. (2007). Lean Six Sigma for Manufacturing and Service Industries. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Ghani, M. Z. A., & Sahrin, S. (2019). The Capacity of Islamic Education Teachers as al-Muaddib: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 28(16), 401–409.
Gibson, L. J., Ivancevich, M. J., & Donnelly, H. J. (1994). Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Irwin.
Haromain, H. (2014). Manajemen Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Pondok Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora, 1(2), 136–149.
Hayana, H., & Wahidmurni, W. (2019). Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Memberdayakan Kewirausahaan Santri. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam (J-MPI), 4(1).
Hersey, P., Blanchard, K. H., & Johnson, D. E. (2008). Management of Organizational Behavior: Leading Human Resources (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hidayat, T., Rizal, A. S., & Fahrudin, F. (2018). Peran Pondok Pesantren Sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Ta’dib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(2), 461–472.
Jamaluddin, M. (2012). Metamorfosis Pesantren di Era Globalisasi. KARSA, 20(1), 127–139.
Kasmar, I. F., Amnda, V., Mutathahirin, M., Maulida, A., Sari, W. W., Putra, S., … Engkizar, E. (2019). The Concepts of Mudarris, Mu’allim, Murabbi, Mursyid, Muaddib in Islamic Education. Khalifa Journal of Islamic Education, 3(2), 107–125.
Kesuma, G. C. (2017). Refleksi Model Pendidikan Pesantren dan Tantangannya Masa Kini. Tadris Jurnal Keguruan Dan Ilmu Tarbiyah, 2, 63–74.
Kholifah, S. (2014). Gendered Continuity and Change in Javanese Pesantren. Victoria University.
Kurniati, M., Surur, M., & Rasyidi, A. H. (2019). Peran Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Mendidik Dan Membentuk Karakter Santri Yang Siap Mengabdi Kepada Masyarakat. Al-Bayan: Jurnal Ilm Al-Qur’an Dan Hadist, 2(2).
Kurniawan, A. (2014). Manajemen Kerjasama Pondok Pesantren Alam Internasional Saung Balong Al-Barokah dengan Masyarakat dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi dan Pendidikan. Quality, 2(1), 21–55.
Mardiyah, M. (2012). Kepemimpinan Kiai dalam Memelihara Budaya Organisasi di Pondok Modern Gontor, Lirboyo Kediri, dan Pesantren Tebuireng Jombang. TSAQAFAH: Jurnal Peradaban Islam, 8(1).
Mastuhu, M. (1994). Dinamika Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren. In Manajemen Pondok Pesantren. Jakarta: Diva Pustaka.
Meier, D. (2016). Situational Leadership Theory as a Foundation for a Blended Learning Framework. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(10).
Mufidah, L. (2015). The Efforts of KH. M. Baidowi Muslich in Developing Education System at Pondok Pesantren Anwarul Huda Karangbesuki Sukun Malang. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.
Muqit, A. (2018). Profesionalisme Kiai dalam Pengelolaan Pondok Pesantren dalam Konteks Kemodernan. JPII, 2(2), 139–158.
Muzaki, M. (2013). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kyai Terhadap Kecerdasan Emosi Santri Di Pondok Pesantren Kebon Jambu Babakan Ciwaringin Cirebon. Jurnal Holistik, 14(1), 79–100.
Nasir, R. (2005). Mencari Tipologi Format Pendidikan Ideal, Pondok Pesantren di Tengah Arus Perubahan. Jogjakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Noor, M. (2019). Gaya Kepemimpinan Kyai. Jurnal Kependidikan, 7(1).
Nursodiq, M. (2011). Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Pesantren. El-Hikmah: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Keagamaan, VIII(2).
Oktari, D. P., & Kosasih, A. (2019). Pendidikan Karakter Religius dan Mandiri di Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 28(1).
Raharjo, R., & Dawam, M. (1974). Pesantren dan Pembaharuan. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Rowan, L., Mayer, D., Kline, J., Kostogriz, A., & Walker-Gibbs, B. (2015). Investigating the effectiveness of teacher education for early career teachers in diverse settings: the longitudinal research we have to have. Australian Educational Researcher, 42(3), 273–298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-014-0163-y
Sadali, S. (1984). Islam Untuk Disiplin Ilmu Pendidikan. Jakarta: CV. Kuning Mas.
Saifudin, A. (2017). Manajemen Pesantren Dalam Menghadapi Perubahan. Intizam, Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 1(1), 61–77.
Sarkowi, S. (2017). Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Menumbuhkan Jiwa Kemandirian Santri di Pesantren. Qolamuna: Jurnal Studi Islam, 2(2).
Sergiovanni, T. J. (1987). The Principalship: A Reflective Practice Perspective. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, Inc.
Shodiq, M. (2011). Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Pesantren. El-Hikmah: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Keagamaan, 13(3).
Solichin, M. M. (2018). Interrelation Kiai Authorities, Curriculum and Learning Culture in Pesantren Indonesia. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 5(1).
Stogdill, R. M. (1974). Handbook of Leadership: A Survey of the Literature. New York: Free Press.
Suhendar, S., Soedjarwo, S., & Basuki, I. (2017). Analisis Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kyai, Budaya Pesantren, Dan Motivasi Kerja Guru Terhadap Mutu Pendidikan Pesantren Di Provinsi Banten. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 34(2).
Supendi, P., Hasanah, A., & Mahmud, M. (2018). Transformational Leadership in Pesantren on as Sa’idah, Al Matuq, and Sunanul Huda Boarding School. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(2), 303–316.
Thoyib, M. (2018). Charismatic Leader on Developing Visionary Pesantren Bidayatul Hidayah in East Java: Profile and Strategy of Dr. KH. Ahmad Musthofa Kamal’s Leadership. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 79–99.
Toni, H. (2016). Pesantren Sebagai Potensi Pengembangan Dakwah Islam. Jurnal Dakwah Dan Komunikasi, 1(1), 97–110.
Yamoah, E. E., & Arthur, S. (2014). The Three Leadeship Models: Implications for 21st Century Leadership. Singaporean Journal of Business Economics, and Management Studies, 2(10), 4–14.
Yukl, G. A. (2013). Leadership in Organizations (8th ed.). State University of New York, Albany: Pearson.
Yunus, M. (2019). Pesantren Sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Asli Indonesia. Edification Journal, 1(1), 111–118
Ajan, A., Mahrudin, A., & Mulyana, M. A. (2018). The Effectiveness of Kyai Kharismatic Leadership in Improving Teacher Performance. Tadbir Muwahhid, 2(1), 33–45.
Alam, N. A. R., & Muchtar, A. (2020). A Charismatic Leadership of Kyai on Religious Education Practices in Indonesian Pesantren. Library Philosophy and Practice.
Anwar, M. (2013). Modernisasi Pesantren: Pergeseran Tradisi dan Budaya Kyai. Hunafa: Jurnal Studia Islamika, 1(1), 19–42.
Atiqullah, A. (2012). Varian Kepemimpinan Kolektif Pondok Pesantren Di Jawa Timur. KARSA: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 20(1).
Aziz, H., & Taja, N. (2016). Kepemimpinan Kyai dalam Menjaga Tradisi Pesantren (Studi Deskriptif di Pondok Pesantren Khalafi Al-Mu’awanah Kabupaten Bandung Barat). Ta’dib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 5(1).
Bashori, B. (2019). Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kyai pada Lembaga Islam. Al-Tanzim : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 3(2), 73–84.
Choi, J. (2006). A Motivational Theory of Charismatic Leadership: Envisioning, Empathy, and Empowerment. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 13(1), 24–43.
Conger, J. A., Kanungo, R. N., & Menon, S. T. (2000). Charismatic Leadership and Follower Effects. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(7), 747–767.
Crant, J. M., & Bateman, T. S. (2000). Charismatic Leadership Viewed from above: The Impact of Proactive Personality. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(1), 63–75.
Dhofier, Z. (1994). Tradisi Pesantren: Studi Tentang Pandangan Hidup Kyai. Jakarta: LP3ES.
El-Ali, A. N. (2016). Ahmad Dahlan dan Pesantren: Gerakan Pembaharuan Pendidikan, Dakwah, dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Indonesia. DIROSAT: Journal of Islamic Studies, 1(2), 243–258.
Fadhilah, A. (2011a). Struktur dan Pola Kepemimpinan Kyai dalam Pesantren di Jawa. HUNAFA: Jurnal Studia Islamika, 8(1).
Fadhilah, A. (2011b). Struktur dan Pola Kepemimpinan Kyai dalam Pesantren di Jawa. Hunafa: Jurnal Studia Islamika, 8(1), 101–120.
Fiol, C. M., Harris, D., & House, R. (1999). Charismatic Leadership: Strategies for Effecting Social Change. The Leadership Quarterly, 10(3), 449–482.
Fitriani, M. I. (2016). Kepemimpinan Kharismatis-Transformatif Tuan Guru Dalam Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat Sasak-Lombok Melalui Pendidikan. Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 16(1).
Fuller, B. (1987). What School Factors Raise Achievement in the Third World. Review of Educational Research, 57(3), 225–292.
Gaspersz, V. (2007). Lean Six Sigma for Manufacturing and Service Industries. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Ghani, M. Z. A., & Sahrin, S. (2019). The Capacity of Islamic Education Teachers as al-Muaddib: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 28(16), 401–409.
Gibson, L. J., Ivancevich, M. J., & Donnelly, H. J. (1994). Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Irwin.
Haromain, H. (2014). Manajemen Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) Pondok Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora, 1(2), 136–149.
Hayana, H., & Wahidmurni, W. (2019). Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Memberdayakan Kewirausahaan Santri. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam (J-MPI), 4(1).
Hersey, P., Blanchard, K. H., & Johnson, D. E. (2008). Management of Organizational Behavior: Leading Human Resources (9th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hidayat, T., Rizal, A. S., & Fahrudin, F. (2018). Peran Pondok Pesantren Sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Ta’dib: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(2), 461–472.
Jamaluddin, M. (2012). Metamorfosis Pesantren di Era Globalisasi. KARSA, 20(1), 127–139.
Kasmar, I. F., Amnda, V., Mutathahirin, M., Maulida, A., Sari, W. W., Putra, S., … Engkizar, E. (2019). The Concepts of Mudarris, Mu’allim, Murabbi, Mursyid, Muaddib in Islamic Education. Khalifa Journal of Islamic Education, 3(2), 107–125.
Kesuma, G. C. (2017). Refleksi Model Pendidikan Pesantren dan Tantangannya Masa Kini. Tadris Jurnal Keguruan Dan Ilmu Tarbiyah, 2, 63–74.
Kholifah, S. (2014). Gendered Continuity and Change in Javanese Pesantren. Victoria University.
Kurniati, M., Surur, M., & Rasyidi, A. H. (2019). Peran Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Mendidik Dan Membentuk Karakter Santri Yang Siap Mengabdi Kepada Masyarakat. Al-Bayan: Jurnal Ilm Al-Qur’an Dan Hadist, 2(2).
Kurniawan, A. (2014). Manajemen Kerjasama Pondok Pesantren Alam Internasional Saung Balong Al-Barokah dengan Masyarakat dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi dan Pendidikan. Quality, 2(1), 21–55.
Mardiyah, M. (2012). Kepemimpinan Kiai dalam Memelihara Budaya Organisasi di Pondok Modern Gontor, Lirboyo Kediri, dan Pesantren Tebuireng Jombang. TSAQAFAH: Jurnal Peradaban Islam, 8(1).
Mastuhu, M. (1994). Dinamika Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren. In Manajemen Pondok Pesantren. Jakarta: Diva Pustaka.
Meier, D. (2016). Situational Leadership Theory as a Foundation for a Blended Learning Framework. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(10).
Mufidah, L. (2015). The Efforts of KH. M. Baidowi Muslich in Developing Education System at Pondok Pesantren Anwarul Huda Karangbesuki Sukun Malang. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.
Muqit, A. (2018). Profesionalisme Kiai dalam Pengelolaan Pondok Pesantren dalam Konteks Kemodernan. JPII, 2(2), 139–158.
Muzaki, M. (2013). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kyai Terhadap Kecerdasan Emosi Santri Di Pondok Pesantren Kebon Jambu Babakan Ciwaringin Cirebon. Jurnal Holistik, 14(1), 79–100.
Nasir, R. (2005). Mencari Tipologi Format Pendidikan Ideal, Pondok Pesantren di Tengah Arus Perubahan. Jogjakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Noor, M. (2019). Gaya Kepemimpinan Kyai. Jurnal Kependidikan, 7(1).
Nursodiq, M. (2011). Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Pesantren. El-Hikmah: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Keagamaan, VIII(2).
Oktari, D. P., & Kosasih, A. (2019). Pendidikan Karakter Religius dan Mandiri di Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial, 28(1).
Raharjo, R., & Dawam, M. (1974). Pesantren dan Pembaharuan. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Rowan, L., Mayer, D., Kline, J., Kostogriz, A., & Walker-Gibbs, B. (2015). Investigating the effectiveness of teacher education for early career teachers in diverse settings: the longitudinal research we have to have. Australian Educational Researcher, 42(3), 273–298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-014-0163-y
Sadali, S. (1984). Islam Untuk Disiplin Ilmu Pendidikan. Jakarta: CV. Kuning Mas.
Saifudin, A. (2017). Manajemen Pesantren Dalam Menghadapi Perubahan. Intizam, Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 1(1), 61–77.
Sarkowi, S. (2017). Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Menumbuhkan Jiwa Kemandirian Santri di Pesantren. Qolamuna: Jurnal Studi Islam, 2(2).
Sergiovanni, T. J. (1987). The Principalship: A Reflective Practice Perspective. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, Inc.
Shodiq, M. (2011). Kepemimpinan Kyai Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Pesantren. El-Hikmah: Jurnal Kependidikan Dan Keagamaan, 13(3).
Solichin, M. M. (2018). Interrelation Kiai Authorities, Curriculum and Learning Culture in Pesantren Indonesia. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 5(1).
Stogdill, R. M. (1974). Handbook of Leadership: A Survey of the Literature. New York: Free Press.
Suhendar, S., Soedjarwo, S., & Basuki, I. (2017). Analisis Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kyai, Budaya Pesantren, Dan Motivasi Kerja Guru Terhadap Mutu Pendidikan Pesantren Di Provinsi Banten. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 34(2).
Supendi, P., Hasanah, A., & Mahmud, M. (2018). Transformational Leadership in Pesantren on as Sa’idah, Al Matuq, and Sunanul Huda Boarding School. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(2), 303–316.
Thoyib, M. (2018). Charismatic Leader on Developing Visionary Pesantren Bidayatul Hidayah in East Java: Profile and Strategy of Dr. KH. Ahmad Musthofa Kamal’s Leadership. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 79–99.
Toni, H. (2016). Pesantren Sebagai Potensi Pengembangan Dakwah Islam. Jurnal Dakwah Dan Komunikasi, 1(1), 97–110.
Yamoah, E. E., & Arthur, S. (2014). The Three Leadeship Models: Implications for 21st Century Leadership. Singaporean Journal of Business Economics, and Management Studies, 2(10), 4–14.
Yukl, G. A. (2013). Leadership in Organizations (8th ed.). State University of New York, Albany: Pearson.
Yunus, M. (2019). Pesantren Sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Asli Indonesia. Edification Journal, 1(1), 111–118
Published
2020-06-15
How to Cite
Muttaqin, I. (2020). Types and Characteristics of Kyai Leadership Within Pesantren. Dinamika Ilmu, 20(1), 165-174. https://doi.org/10.21093/di.v20i1.2446
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